Functions for working with structures

TryMember

An attempt to get the value of a field from the structure and if it is not among the fields or null in the structure value, use the default value.
The default_value type must match the key field type from the structure.

Signature

TryMember(struct:Struct<...>, key:String, default_value:T) -> T
TryMember(struct:Struct<...>?, key:String, default_value:T) -> T?

Arguments:

  1. struct: Original structure.
  2. key: Field name.
  3. default_value: Default value if the field is missing

Limitation

The field name (key) cannot depend on lambda data or arguments. In this case, the TryMember function cannot be prototyped.

Examples

$struct = <|a:1|>;
SELECT
  TryMember(
    $struct,
    "a",
    123
  ) AS a, -- 1
  TryMember(
    $struct,
    "b",
    123
  ) AS b; -- 123

ExpandStruct

Adding one or more new fields to the structure. A new extended structure returns. If there are duplicates in the set of fields, an error will be returned.

Signature

ExpandStruct(struct:Struct<...>, value_1:T1 AS key_1:K, value_2:T2 AS key_2:K, ....) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  • The source structure for the extension is passed to the first argument.
  • All other arguments must be named, each argument adds a new field, and the argument name is used as the field name (similar to AsStruct).

Examples

$struct = <|a:1|>;
SELECT
  ExpandStruct(
    $struct,
    2 AS b,
    "3" AS c
  ) AS abc;  -- ("a": 1, "b": 2, "c": "3")

AddMember

Adding one new field to the structure. If you need to add multiple fields, better use ExpandStruct.

If there are duplicates in the set of fields, an error will be returned.

Signature

AddMember(struct:Struct<...>, new_key:String, new_value:T) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. struct: Original structure.
  2. new_key: Name of the new field.
  3. new_value: Value of the new field.

Examples

$struct = <|a:1|>;
SELECT
  AddMember(
    $struct,
    "b",
    2
  ) AS ab; -- ("a": 1, "b": 2)

RemoveMember

Removing a field from the structure. If the specified field did not exist, an error will be returned.

Signature

RemoveMember(struct:Struct<...>, key_to_delete:String) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. Original structure.
  2. Name of the field to be removed

Examples

$struct = <|a:1, b:2|>;
SELECT
  RemoveMember(
    $struct,
    "b"
  ) AS a; -- ("a": 1)

ForceRemoveMember

Removing a field from the structure.

If the specified field did not exist, an error will not be returned unlike RemoveMember.

Signature

ForceRemoveMember(struct:Struct<...>, key_to_delete:String) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. Original structure.
  2. Name of the field to be removed.

Examples

$struct = <|a:1, b:2|>;
SELECT
  ForceRemoveMember(
    $struct,
    "c"
  ) AS ab; -- ("a": 1, "b": 2)

ChooseMembers

Selecting fields with given names from the structure. The new structure is returned only from the specified fields.

If any of the fields did not exist, an error will be returned.

Signature

ChooseMembers(struct:Struct<...>, list_of_keys:List<String>) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. Original structure.
  2. List of field names.

Examples

$struct = <|a:1, b:2, c:3|>;
SELECT
  ChooseMembers(
    $struct,
    ["a", "b"]
  ) AS ab; -- ("a": 1, "b": 2)

RemoveMembers

Removing fields with given names from the structure.

If any of the fields did not exist, an error will be returned.

Signature

RemoveMembers(struct:Struct<...>, list_of_delete_keys:List<String>) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. Original structure.
  2. List of field names.

Examples

$struct = <|a:1, b:2, c:3|>;
SELECT
  RemoveMembers(
    $struct,
    ["a", "b"]
  ) AS c; -- ("c": 3)

ForceRemoveMembers

Removing fields with given names from the structure.

If any of the fields did not exist, it is ignored.

Signature

ForceRemoveMembers(struct:Struct<...>, list_of_delete_keys:List<String>) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. Original structure.
  2. List of field names.

Examples

$struct = <|a:1, b:2, c:3|>;
SELECT
  ForceRemoveMembers(
    $struct,
    ["a", "b", "z"]
  ) AS c; -- ("c": 3)

CombineMembers

Combining fields of several structures into a new structure.

If there are duplicates in the resulting set of fields, an error will be returned.

Signature

CombineMembers(struct1:Struct<...>, struct2:Struct<...>, .....) -> Struct<...>
CombineMembers(struct1:Struct<...>?, struct2:Struct<...>?, .....) -> Struct<...>

Arguments: two or more structures.

Examples

$struct1 = <|a:1, b:2|>;
$struct2 = <|c:3|>;
SELECT
  CombineMembers(
    $struct1,
    $struct2
  ) AS abc; -- ("a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3)

FlattenMembers

Combining the fields of several new structures into a new structure with prefix support.

If there are duplicates in the resulting set of fields, an error will be returned.

Signature

FlattenMembers(prefix_struct1:Tuple<String, Struct<...>>, prefix_struct2:Tuple<String, Struct<...>>, ...) -> Struct<...>

Arguments: two or more tuples from two elements: prefix and structure.

Examples

$struct1 = <|a:1, b:2|>;
$struct2 = <|c:3|>;
SELECT
  FlattenMembers(
    AsTuple("foo", $struct1), -- fooa, foob
    AsTuple("bar", $struct2)  -- barc
  ) AS abc; -- ("barc": 3, "fooa": 1, "foob": 2)

StructMembers

Returns an unordered list of field names (possibly removing one optionality level) for a single argument — the structure. An empty list of strings is returned for a NULL argument.

Signature

StructMembers(struct:Struct<...>) -> List<String>
StructMembers(struct:Struct<...>?) -> List<String>
StructMembers(NULL) -> []

Argument: structure

Examples

$struct = <|a:1, b:2|>;
SELECT
  StructMembers($struct) AS a, -- ['a', 'b']
  StructMembers(NULL) AS b; -- []

RenameMembers

Renames fields in the passed structure. The original field can be renamed into several new ones. All fields not mentioned in the process of renaming as source fields are transferred to the resulting structure. If an original field is not in the list for renaming, an error is displayed. For an optional structure or NULL, so is the result.

Signature

RenameMembers(struct:Struct<...>, rename_rules:List<Tuple<String, String>>) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. Original structure.
  2. A list of field names in the form of a tuple list: original name, new name.

Examples

$struct = <|a:1, b:2|>;
SELECT
  RenameMembers($struct, [('a', 'c'), ('a', 'e')]); -- (b:2, c:1, e:1)

ForceRenameMembers

Renames fields in the passed structure. The original field can be renamed into several new ones. All fields not mentioned in the process of renaming as source fields are transferred to the resulting structure. If an original field is not in the list for renaming, it is ignored. For an optional structure or NULL, so is the result.

Signature

ForceRenameMembers(struct:Struct<...>, rename_rules:List<Tuple<String, String>>) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. Original structure.
  2. A list of field names in the form of a tuple list: original name, new name.

Examples

$struct = <|a:1, b:2|>;
SELECT
  ForceRenameMembers($struct, [('a', 'c'), ('d', 'e')]); -- (b:2, c:1)

GatherMembers

Returns an unordered tuple list from the field name and value. For the NULL argument, EmptyList is returned. Can be used only when the item types in the structure are identical or compatible. For an optional structure, an optional list is returned.

Signature

GatherMembers(struct:Struct<...>) -> List<Tuple<String,V>>
GatherMembers(struct:Struct<...>?) -> List<Tuple<String,V>>?
GatherMembers(NULL) -> []

Argument: structure

Examples

$struct = <|a:1, b:2|>;
SELECT
  GatherMembers($struct), -- [('a', 1), ('b', 2)]
  GatherMembers(null); -- []

SpreadMembers

Creates a structure with a given list of fields and applies a given list of corrections in the (field name, value) format to it. All field types of the resulting structure are the same and equal to the type of values in the list of corrections with the added optionality (if they weren't already). If the field was not mentioned among the list of editable fields, it is returned as NULL. Among all the corrections for one field, the last one is saved. If there is a field in the list of corrections that is not in the list of expected fields, an error is displayed.

Signature

SpreadMembers(list_of_tuples:List<Tuple<String, T>>, result_keys:List<String>) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. Tuple list: field name, field value.
  2. A list of all possible field names in the structure.

Examples

SELECT
  SpreadMembers([('a',1),('a',2)],['a','b']); -- (a: 2, b: null)

ForceSpreadMembers

Creates a structure with a given list of fields and applies a given list of corrections in the (field name, value) format to it. All field types of the resulting structure are the same and equal to the type of values in the list of corrections with the added optionality (if they weren't already). If the field was not mentioned among the list of editable fields, it is returned as NULL. Among all the corrections for one field, the last one is saved. If there is a field in the list of corrections that is not in the list of expected fields, this correction is ignored.

Signature

ForceSpreadMembers(list_of_tuples:List<Tuple<String, T>>, result_keys:List<String>) -> Struct<...>

Arguments:

  1. Tuple list: field name, field value.
  2. A list of all possible field names in the structure.

Examples

SELECT
  ForceSpreadMembers([('a',1),('a',2),('c',100)],['a','b']); -- (a: 2, b: null)
Previous
For dictionaries
Next
For types